Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
PhD student in Quran and Psychology, Higher Institute of Humanities, Al-Mustafa International University, Qom, Iran.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Higher Institute of Humanities, Al-Mustafa International University, Qom, Iran.
10.22034/ip.2026.427.1295
Abstract
The Holy Qur’an, in addressing human interaction with hardship, has employed the term dayq (constriction) and other related terms within this semantic field to present teachings that have significant psychological dimensions, functions, and individual, social, worldly, and otherworldly consequences. The present study aimed to develop a conceptual model of psychological constriction based on the Holy Qur’an, using qualitative and quantitative methods. The data collection process began by tracing the semantic field of dayq al-sadr in the Holy Qur’an and extracting seven keywords. Then, after initial collection and refinement, the related verses were reduced to 49 verses. The exegeses of these verses, with emphasis on Al-Mizan and interpretive narrations related to them, were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Subsequently, the results were validated quantitatively through the opinions of expert specialists. The findings of this study showed that: a) the construct of psychological constriction consists of one main category, two major causal conditions, three general contexts, and six consequences; b) a negative emotional state is the main category of psychological constriction; c) psychological constriction, being incidental, and emotional-affective manifestations are its core indicators; d) perceiving responsibility, perceiving affliction, and perceiving creed are its general contexts; e) the consequences of psychological constriction include: restriction of performance, restriction of resilience, restriction of interpersonal communication, restriction of recognizing the truth, restriction of accepting the truth, and restriction of adherence to the truth; f) the concept of psychological constriction overlaps and is related in some respects to the concepts of psychological distress and vulnerability in psychology; g) in terms of its consequences, this concept is of interest in Islamic psychotherapy and monotheistic education.
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