Explaining the moderating role of religion and Demographic characteristics of participants on the relationship between strain and organizational citizenship behavior: A Meta-analysis approach

In today's highly competitive world, organizations are constantly looking for new ways to maximize the performance and endeavors of their employees. Since our society is an Islamic society and Islam-based religion, it is necessary to study the impact of religion on different dimensions of life and compare it with other religions. The main goal of this study is to investigate the meta-analysis of the relationship between strain and organizational citizenship behavior and to pay attention to the role of moderating religion in this regard. The metaphysical approach of this research identifies religion as an effective factor in the relationship between strain and organizational citizenship behaviors. The statistical population of this study is all studies published in Valid & Reliable domestic and international journals that examine the relation between strain and citizenship behavior. In total, more than 750 effects were identified and analyzed in 153 researches and the moderating effect of the religions of Islam, Christianity, Jews and other religions was examined and tested. The results show that there is a significant negative relationship between strain and citizenship behavior and the type of religion of the subjects has a significant moderating effect on this relationship. Thus, in the religions of Islam and Christianity, the negative impact of the stress on the citizenship behavior was weaker, while in the Jewish religion and other religions this effect was more powerful. Also, other moderator factors related to the characteristics of the subjects of gender and experience have also affected the relationship between strain and citizenship behavior.